Scenario of a magnetic dynamo and magnetic reconnection in a plasma focus discharge

P. Kubes; M. Paduch; M. J. Sadowski; J. Cikhardt; D. Klir; J. Kravarik; R. Kwiatkowski; V. Munzar; K. Rezac; A. Szymaszek; K. Tomaszewski; E. Zielinska; M. Akel; B. Cikhardtova

doi:10.1063/1.5133103

Volume 5 Issue 4

Jul. 2020

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Matter and Radiation at Extremes > 2020 > 5(4): 046401

P. Kubes, M. Paduch, M. J. Sadowski, J. Cikhardt, D. Klir, J. Kravarik, R. Kwiatkowski, V. Munzar, K. Rezac, A. Szymaszek, K. Tomaszewski, E. Zielinska, M. Akel, B. Cikhardtova. Scenario of a magnetic dynamo and magnetic reconnection in a plasma focus discharge[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2020, 5(4): 046401. doi: 10.1063/1.5133103

Citation:

P. Kubes, M. Paduch, M. J. Sadowski, J. Cikhardt, D. Klir, J. Kravarik, R. Kwiatkowski, V. Munzar, K. Rezac, A. Szymaszek, K. Tomaszewski, E. Zielinska, M. Akel, B. Cikhardtova. Scenario of a magnetic dynamo and magnetic reconnection in a plasma focus discharge[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2020, 5(4): 046401. doi: 10.1063/1.5133103

Citation:

P. Kubes, M. Paduch, M. J. Sadowski, J. Cikhardt, D. Klir, J. Kravarik, R. Kwiatkowski, V. Munzar, K. Rezac, A. Szymaszek, K. Tomaszewski, E. Zielinska, M. Akel, B. Cikhardtova. Scenario of a magnetic dynamo and magnetic reconnection in a plasma focus discharge[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2020, 5(4): 046401. doi: 10.1063/1.5133103

PDF( 6033 KB)

Scenario of a magnetic dynamo and magnetic reconnection in a plasma focus discharge

doi: 10.1063/1.5133103

1.
Czech Technical University, 166-27 Prague, Czech Republic
2.
Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
3.
National Centre for Nuclear Research, 05-400, Otwock-Świerk, Poland
4.
ACS Ltd., 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
5.
Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria

More Information

Corresponding author: a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: kubes@fel.cvut.cz
Received Date: 2019-10-24
Accepted Date: 2020-06-22

Available Online: 2020-07-01

Publish Date: 2020-07-15

Abstract

Abstract

The paper discusses a possible energy transformation that leads to the acceleration of fast ions and electrons. In plasma-focus discharges that occur during deuterium filling, which have a maximum current of about 1 MA, the accelerated deuterons produce fast fusion neutrons and fast electrons hard X-ray emissions. Their total energy, which is of the order of several kilojoules, can be delivered by the discharge through a magnetic dynamo and self-organization to the ordered plasma structures that are formed in a pinch during the several hundreds of nanoseconds of the pinch implosion, stagnation, and evolution of instabilities. This energy is finally released during the decay of the ordered plasma structures in the volume between the anode face and the umbrella front of the plasma and current sheath in the form of induced electric fields that accelerate fast electrons and ions.

FullText(HTML)

References(34)

References

[1]	A. Bernard, H. Bruzzone, P. Choi et al., “Scientific status of plasma focus research,” J. Moscow Phys. Soc. 8, 93 (1998).
[2]	L. Bertalot, H. Herold, U. Jäger et al., “Mass and energy analysis and space-resolved measurements of ions from plasma focus devices,” Phys. Lett. 79, 389 (1980).10.1016/0375-9601(80)90272-8 doi: 10.1016/0375-9601(80)90272-8
[3]	A. Mozer, M. Sadowski, H. Herold et al., “Experimental studies of fast deuterons, impurity- and admixture-ions emitted from a plasma focus,” J. Appl. Phys. 53, 2959 (1982).10.1063/1.331033 doi: 10.1063/1.331033
[4]	M. G. Haines, “A review of the dense Z-pinch,” Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 53, 093001 (2011).10.1088/0741-3335/53/9/093001 doi: 10.1088/0741-3335/53/9/093001
[5]	D. D. Ryutov, M. S. Derzon, and M. K. Matzen, “The physics of fast z pinches,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 72, 167 (2000).10.1103/revmodphys.72.167 doi: 10.1103/revmodphys.72.167
[6]	D. D. Ryutov, “Characterizing the plasmas of dense z-pinches,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 43, 2363 (2015).10.1109/tps.2015.2453265 doi: 10.1109/tps.2015.2453265
[7]	L. Soto, “New trends and future perspectives on plasma focus research,” Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 47, A361 (2005).10.1088/0741-3335/47/5a/027 doi: 10.1088/0741-3335/47/5a/027
[8]	V. I. Krauz, “Progress in plasma focus research and applications,” Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 48, B221 (2006).10.1088/0741-3335/48/12b/s21 doi: 10.1088/0741-3335/48/12b/s21
[9]	M. Krisnan, “The dense plasma focus: A versatile dense pinch for diverse applications,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 40, 3189 (2012).10.1109/tps.2012.2222676 doi: 10.1109/tps.2012.2222676
[10]	D. Klir, A. V. Shishlov, V. A. Kokshenev et al., “Ion acceleration mechanism in mega-ampere gas-puff z-pinches,” New J. Phys. 20, 053064 (2018).10.1088/1367-2630/aac545 doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/aac545
[11]	M. Scholz, L. Karpinski, M. Paduch et al., “Recent progress in 1 MJ Plasma-Focus research,” Nukleonika 46, 35 (2001).
[12]	M. J. Sadowski and M. Scholz, “Results of large-scale Plasma-focus experiments and prospects for neutron yield optimization,” Nukleonika 47, 31 (2002).
[13]	P. Kubes, D. Klir, J. Kravarik et al., “Scenario of pinch evolution in a plasma focus discharge,” Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 55, 035011 (2013).10.1088/0741-3335/55/3/035011 doi: 10.1088/0741-3335/55/3/035011
[14]	P. Kubes, M. Paduch, M. J. Sadowski et al., “Evolution of the pinched column during hard X-ray and neutron emission in a dense plasma focus,” J. Fusion Energy 38, 490 (2019).10.1007/s10894-018-0194-x doi: 10.1007/s10894-018-0194-x
[15]	P. Kubes, M. Paduch, M. J. Sadowski et al., “Evolution of a pinch column during the acceleration of fast electrons and deuterons in a plasma-focus discharge,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 47, 339 (2019).10.1109/tps.2018.2874288 doi: 10.1109/tps.2018.2874288
[16]	P. Bellan, Spheromaks (Imperial College Press, London, 2000).
[17]
[18]	H. K. Moffatt, Magnetic Field Generation in Electrically Conducting Fluids (Cambridge University Press, 1978).
[19]	M. Yamada, R. Kulsrud, and H. Ji, “Magnetic reconnection,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 82, 603 (2010).10.1103/revmodphys.82.603 doi: 10.1103/revmodphys.82.603
[20]	P. Kubes, M. Paduch, B. Cikhardtova et al., “The influence of the nitrogen admixture on the evolution of a deuterium pinch column,” Phys. Plasmas 23, 082704 (2016).10.1063/1.4960825 doi: 10.1063/1.4960825
[21]	P. Kubes, M. Paduch, M. J. Sadowski et al., “Features of fast deuterons emitted from plasma focus discharges,” Phys. Plasmas 26, 032702 (2019).10.1063/1.5080974 doi: 10.1063/1.5080974
[22]	K. Rezac, D. Klir, P. Kubes et al., “Improvement of time-of-flight methods for reconstruction of neutron energy spectra from D(d,n)3He fusion reactions,” Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 54, 105011 (2012).10.1088/0741-3335/54/10/105011 doi: 10.1088/0741-3335/54/10/105011
[23]	E. Zielinska, M. Paduch, and M. Scholz, “Sixteen-frame interferometer for a study of a pinch dynamics in PF-1000 device,” Contrib. Plasma Phys. 51, 279 (2011).10.1002/ctpp.201000047 doi: 10.1002/ctpp.201000047
[24]	W. H. Bostic, “The pinch effect revisited,” Int. J. Fusion Energy 1, 1 (1977).
[25]	P. Kubes, M. Paduch, J. Cikhardt et al., “Filamentation in the pinched column of the dense plasma focus,” Phys. Plasmas 24, 032706 (2017).10.1063/1.4978558 doi: 10.1063/1.4978558
[26]	B. A. Trubnikov, “Current filaments in plasmas,” Plasma Phys. Rep. 28, 312 (2002).10.1134/1.1469172 doi: 10.1134/1.1469172
[27]
[28]	V. Krauz, K. Mitrofanov, M. Scholz et al., “Experimental study of the structure of the plasma-current sheath on the PF-1000 facility,” Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 54, 025010 (2012).10.1088/0741-3335/54/2/025010 doi: 10.1088/0741-3335/54/2/025010
[29]	V. I. Krauz, K. N. Mitrofanov, M. Scholz et al., “Experimental evidence of existence of the axial magnetic field in a plasma focus,” Europhys. Lett. 98, 045001 (2012).10.1209/0295-5075/98/45001 doi: 10.1209/0295-5075/98/45001
[30]	J. W. Mather, P. J. Bottoms, and J. P. Carpenter, “Stability of the dense plasma focus,” Phys. Fluids 12, 2343 (1969).10.1063/1.1692352 doi: 10.1063/1.1692352
[31]	P. Kubes, M. Paduch, M. J. Sadowski et al., “External current layer of a pinch column in a dense plasma focus,” Phys. Plasmas (submitted).
[32]	P. Kubes, D. Klir, J. Kravarik et al., “Energy transformations in column of plasma-focus discharges with megaampere currents,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 40, 481 (2012).10.1109/tps.2011.2178866 doi: 10.1109/tps.2011.2178866
[33]	A. Schmidt, A. Link, D. Welch et al., “Fully kinetic simulations of megajoule-scale dense plasma focus,” Phys. Plasmas 21, 102703 (2014).10.1063/1.4897192 doi: 10.1063/1.4897192
[34]	S. K. H. Auluck, “Acceleration and trapping of fast ions in self-organized magneto-plasma structures in the dense plasma focus,” Phys. Plasmas 27, 022308 (2020).10.1063/1.5139609 doi: 10.1063/1.5139609