Generation of extremely high-intensity tightly focused laser pulse via microstructured plasma target

Wang Jingyi; Zhang Lingyu; Zhang Hao; Chen Zhidong; Liu Ke; Li Xinyan; Hu Lixiang; Yu Tongpu

doi:10.1063/5.0292697

Volume 11 Issue 2

Mar. 2026

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Wang Jingyi, Zhang Lingyu, Zhang Hao, Chen Zhidong, Liu Ke, Li Xinyan, Hu Lixiang, Yu Tongpu. Generation of extremely high-intensity tightly focused laser pulse via microstructured plasma target[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2026, 11(2): 027201. doi: 10.1063/5.0292697

Citation:

Wang Jingyi, Zhang Lingyu, Zhang Hao, Chen Zhidong, Liu Ke, Li Xinyan, Hu Lixiang, Yu Tongpu. Generation of extremely high-intensity tightly focused laser pulse via microstructured plasma target[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2026, 11(2): 027201. doi: 10.1063/5.0292697

Citation:

Wang Jingyi, Zhang Lingyu, Zhang Hao, Chen Zhidong, Liu Ke, Li Xinyan, Hu Lixiang, Yu Tongpu. Generation of extremely high-intensity tightly focused laser pulse via microstructured plasma target[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2026, 11(2): 027201. doi: 10.1063/5.0292697

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Generation of extremely high-intensity tightly focused laser pulse via microstructured plasma target

doi: 10.1063/5.0292697

College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

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Corresponding author: a)Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: zhanghao14a@126.com and tongpu@nudt.edu.cn
Received Date: 2025-07-23
Accepted Date: 2025-12-05

Available Online: 2026-05-11

Publish Date: 2026-03-01

Abstract

Abstract

Plasma-based optical elements can withstand laser intensities several orders of magnitude higher than traditional optical elements, making them highly promising for manipulating relativistic intensity laser pulses. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a novel microstructured plasma target, inspired by the design of traditional Fresnel zone plates. The specific target structure causes diffraction of the input laser at each zone, resulting in constructive interference and facilitating effective focusing of the input laser pulse. Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation results show that the microstructured plasma target can focus Gaussian laser pulses with an intensity of the order of 10²² W/cm² to an intensity exceeding 10²⁴ W/cm² with the laser focus spot size approaching the diffraction limit of ∼0.73 μm and laser fluence enhancement by a factor of 46. It is also found that when the microstructured plasma target is modified into a reflective element, laser intensities up to 10²⁵ W/cm² may be achieved. This extremely high-intensity tightly focused laser pulse can trigger intense photon radiation when interacting with targets, (e.g., wire plasma targets), with potential applications in laboratory astrophysics, as well as providing the opportunity to explore phenomena such as vacuum birefringence and quantum electrodynamical cascades.

Conflict of Interest
The authors have no conflicts to disclose.
Jingyi Wang: Conceptualization (equal); Data curation (equal); Formal analysis (equal); Investigation (equal); Methodology (equal); Software (equal); Validation (equal); Visualization (equal); Writing – original draft (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Lingyu Zhang: Data curation (equal); Formal analysis (equal); Methodology (equal); Software (equal); Validation (equal); Visualization (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Hao Zhang: Conceptualization (equal); Data curation (equal); Formal analysis (equal); Investigation (equal); Methodology (equal); Software (equal); Validation (equal); Visualization (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Zhidong Chen: Data curation (equal); Formal analysis (equal); Methodology (equal); Software (equal); Validation (equal). Ke Liu: Resources (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Xinyan Li: Writing – review & editing (equal). Lixiang Hu: Resources (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Tongpu Yu: Funding acquisition (equal); Project administration (equal); Resources (equal); Supervision (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal).
Author Contributions
Jingyi Wang and Lingyu Zhang contributed equally to this work.
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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