Dynamic convergent shock compression initiated by return current in high-intensity laser–solid interactions

Yang Long; Rehwald Martin; Kluge Thomas; Laso Garcia Alejandro; Toncian Toma; Zeil Karl; Schramm Ulrich; Cowan Thomas E.; Huang Lingen

doi:10.1063/5.0181321

Volume 9 Issue 4

Jul. 2024

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Yang Long, Rehwald Martin, Kluge Thomas, Laso Garcia Alejandro, Toncian Toma, Zeil Karl, Schramm Ulrich, Cowan Thomas E., Huang Lingen. Dynamic convergent shock compression initiated by return current in high-intensity laser–solid interactions[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2024, 9(4): 047204. doi: 10.1063/5.0181321

Citation:

Yang Long, Rehwald Martin, Kluge Thomas, Laso Garcia Alejandro, Toncian Toma, Zeil Karl, Schramm Ulrich, Cowan Thomas E., Huang Lingen. Dynamic convergent shock compression initiated by return current in high-intensity laser–solid interactions[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2024, 9(4): 047204. doi: 10.1063/5.0181321

Citation:

Yang Long, Rehwald Martin, Kluge Thomas, Laso Garcia Alejandro, Toncian Toma, Zeil Karl, Schramm Ulrich, Cowan Thomas E., Huang Lingen. Dynamic convergent shock compression initiated by return current in high-intensity laser–solid interactions[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2024, 9(4): 047204. doi: 10.1063/5.0181321

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Dynamic convergent shock compression initiated by return current in high-intensity laser–solid interactions

doi: 10.1063/5.0181321

Yang Long^{1, 2
,
,
,},
Rehwald Martin^1
,,
Kluge Thomas^1
,,
Laso Garcia Alejandro^1
,,
Toncian Toma^1
,,
Zeil Karl^1
,,
Schramm Ulrich^{1, 2
,},
Cowan Thomas E.^{1, 2
,},
Huang Lingen^1
,

1.
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
2.
Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany

More Information

Corresponding author: a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: yanglong@hzdr.de
Received Date: 2023-10-16
Accepted Date: 2024-05-16

Available Online: 2024-07-01

Publish Date: 2024-07-01

Abstract

Abstract

We investigate the dynamics of convergent shock compression in solid cylindrical targets irradiated by an ultrafast relativistic laser pulse. Our particle-in-cell simulations and coupled hydrodynamic simulations reveal that the compression process is initiated by both magnetic pressure and surface ablation associated with a strong transient surface return current with density of the order of 10¹⁷ A/m² and lifetime of 100 fs. The results show that the dominant compression mechanism is governed by the plasma β, i.e., the ratio of thermal pressure to magnetic pressure. For targets with small radius and low atomic number Z, the magnetic pressure is the dominant shock compression mechanism. According to a scaling law, as the target radius and Z increase, the surface ablation pressure becomes the main mechanism generating convergent shocks. Furthermore, an indirect experimental indication of shocked hydrogen compression is provided by optical shadowgraphy measurements of the evolution of the plasma expansion diameter. The results presented here provide a novel basis for the generation of extremely high pressures exceeding Gbar (100 TPa) to enable the investigation of high-pressure physics using femtosecond J-level laser pulses, offering an alternative to nanosecond kJ-laser pulse-driven and pulsed power Z-pinch compression methods.

The authors have no conflicts to disclose.
Conflict of Interest
Author Contributions
Long Yang: Conceptualization (equal); Methodology (lead); Visualization (equal); Writing – original draft (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Martin Rehwald: Investigation (equal); Resources (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Thomas Kluge: Validation (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Alejandro Laso Garcia: Data curation (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Toma Toncian: Data curation (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Karl Zeil: Data curation (equal); Investigation (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Ulrich Schramm: Resources (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Thomas E. Cowan: Resources (equal); Supervision (lead); Validation (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal). Lingen Huang: Resources (equal); Supervision (equal); Validation (equal); Writing – review & editing (equal).
L.Y. developed the theory. L.Y. and L.H. conducted the simulations. M.R., K.Z., and U.S. provided the experimental data. T.K., A.L., and T.T. analyzed the data. L.Y. wrote the publication. L.H. and T.E.C. supervised the project. All authors reviewed the manuscript.
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.

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