Investigation of electron beam effects on <i>L</i>-shell Mo plasma produced by a compact LC generator using pattern recognition

Yilmaz M. F.; Danisman Y.; Ozdemir M.; Karlık B.; Larour J.

doi:10.1063/1.5081676

Volume 4 Issue 2

Mar. 2019

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Matter and Radiation at Extremes > 2019 > 4(2): 027401

Yilmaz M. F., Danisman Y., Ozdemir M., Karlık B., Larour J.. Investigation of electron beam effects on L-shell Mo plasma produced by a compact LC generator using pattern recognition[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2019, 4(2): 027401. doi: 10.1063/1.5081676

Citation:

Yilmaz M. F., Danisman Y., Ozdemir M., Karlık B., Larour J.. Investigation of electron beam effects on L-shell Mo plasma produced by a compact LC generator using pattern recognition[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2019, 4(2): 027401. doi: 10.1063/1.5081676

Citation:

Yilmaz M. F., Danisman Y., Ozdemir M., Karlık B., Larour J.. Investigation of electron beam effects on L-shell Mo plasma produced by a compact LC generator using pattern recognition[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2019, 4(2): 027401. doi: 10.1063/1.5081676

PDF( 1685 KB)

Investigation of electron beam effects on L-shell Mo plasma produced by a compact LC generator using pattern recognition

doi: 10.1063/1.5081676

1.
Basic Sciences, Engineering Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
2.
Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Queensborough Community College, CUNY, Bayside, New York 11364, USA
3.
Neurosurgical Simulation Research and Training Centre, Department of Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
4.
Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Ecole Polytechnique, UPMC, CNRS, Palaiseau, France

More Information

Corresponding author: a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: fthyilmaz53@gmail.com
Received Date: 2018-03-28
Accepted Date: 2018-06-26

Available Online: 2021-04-13

Publish Date: 2019-03-15

Abstract

Abstract

In this paper, the effects of an electron beam on X-pinch-produced spectra of L-shell Mo plasma are investigated for the first time by principal component analysis (PCA); this analysis is compared with that of line ratio diagnostics. A spectral database for PCA extraction is arranged using a non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (non-LTE) collisional radiative L-shell Mo model. PC vector spectra of L-shell Mo, including F, Ne, Na and Mg-like transitions are studied to investigate the polarization types of these transitions. PC1 vector spectra of F, Ne, Na and Mg-like transitions result in linear polarization of Stokes Q profiles. Besides, PC2 vector spectra show linear polarization of Stokes U profiles of 2p⁵3s of Ne-like transitions which are known as responsive to a magnetic field [Träbert, Beiersdorfer, and Crespo López-Urrutia, Nucl. Instrum Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 408 , 107–109 (2017)]. A 3D representation of PCA coefficients demonstrates that addition of an electron beam to the non-LTE model generates quantized, collective clusters which are translations of each other that follow V-shaped cascade trajectories, except for the case f = 0.0. The extracted principal coefficients are used as a database for an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to estimate the plasma electron temperature, density and beam fractions of the time-integrated, spatially resolved L-shell Mo X-pinch plasma spectrum. PCA-based ANNs provide an advantage in reducing the network topology, with a more efficient backpropagation supervised learning algorithm. The modeled plasma electron temperature is about T_e ∼ 660 eV and density n_e = 1 × 10²⁰ cm⁻³, in the presence of the fraction of the beams with f ∼ 0.1 and centered energy of 5 keV.

FullText(HTML)

References(29)

References

[1]	E. Träbert, P. Beiersdorfer, and J. R. Crespo López-Urrutia, “Atomic lifetime measurements of Ne-like Fe ions in a magnetic field,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 408, 107–109 (2017).10.1016/j.nimb.2017.04.040 doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2017.04.040
[2]	P. Burkhalter, J. Davis, J. Rauch, W. Clark, G. Dahlbacka, and R. Schneider, “X-ray line spectra from exploded-wire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 50(2), 705–711 (1979).10.1063/1.326034 doi: 10.1063/1.326034
[3]	S. M. Zakharov, G. V. Ivanenkov, A. A. Kolomenskij, S. A. Pikuz, A. I. Samokhin, and I. Ulshmid, “Wire X-pinch in a high-current diode,” Pis'ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz 8(17), 1060–1063 (1982).
[4]	S. A. Pikuz, V. M. Romanova, T. A. Shelkovenko, D. A. Hammer, and A. Y. Faenov, “Spectroscopic investigations of the short wavelength x-ray spectra from X-pinch plasmas,” Phys. Scr. 51(4), 517 (1995).10.1088/0031-8949/51/4/013 doi: 10.1088/0031-8949/51/4/013
[5]
[6]	H. Chen, S. McLean, P. K. Patel, and S. C. Wilks, Hot Electron Measurement and Modeling for Short-Pulse Laser Plasma Interactions (No. UCRL-JC-155353) (Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA, 2003).
[7]	O. Renner, M. Šmíd, D. Batani, and L. Antonelli, “Suprathermal electron production in laser-irradiated Cu targets characterized by combined methods of x-ray imaging and spectroscopy,” Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 58(7), 075007 (2016).10.1088/0741-3335/58/7/075007 doi: 10.1088/0741-3335/58/7/075007
[8]	A. L. Meadowcroft and R. D. Edwards, “High-energy bremsstrahlung diagnostics to characterize hot-electron production in short-pulse laser-plasma experiments,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 40(8), 1992–2001 (2012).10.1109/tps.2012.2201175 doi: 10.1109/tps.2012.2201175
[9]	A. J. Kemp, Y. Sentoku, and M. Tabak, “Hot-electron energy coupling in ultraintense laser-matter interaction,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(7), 075004 (2008).10.1103/physrevlett.101.075004 doi: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.075004
[10]	E. O. Baronova, J. Larour, F. B. Rosmej, and F. Y. Khattak, “Polarization analysis of CuXX-lines emitted from X-pinch,” J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 653(1), 012145 (2015).10.1088/1742-6596/653/1/012145 doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/653/1/012145
[11]	J. Abdallah, A. Y. Faenov, D. Hammer, S. A. Pikuz, G. Csanak, and R. E. H. Clark, “Electron beam effects on the spectroscopy of satellite lines in aluminum X-pinch experiments,” Phys. Scr. 53(6), 705 (1996).10.1088/0031-8949/53/6/011 doi: 10.1088/0031-8949/53/6/011
[12]	M. F. Yilmaz, Y. Danisman, J. Larour, and L. E. Aranchuk, “PC spectra analysis of L-shell copper X-pinch plasma produced by the compact generator of Ecole polytechnique,” AIP Conf. Proc. 1811(1), 060002 (2017).10.1063/1.4975726 doi: 10.1063/1.4975726
[13]	M. F. Yilmaz, Y. Danisman, J. Larour, and L. Aranchuk, “Principal component analysis of electron beams generated in K-shell aluminum X-pinch plasma produced by a compact LC-generator,” High Energy Density Phys. 15, 43–48 (2015).10.1016/j.hedp.2015.03.010 doi: 10.1016/j.hedp.2015.03.010
[14]	J. Larour, L. E. Aranchuk, Y. Danisman, A. Eleyan, and M. F. Yilmaz, “Modeling of the L-shell copper X-pinch plasma produced by the compact generator of Ecole polytechnique using pattern recognition,” Phys. Plasmas 23(3), 033115 (2016).10.1063/1.4943874 doi: 10.1063/1.4943874
[15]
[16]	M. F. Yilmaz, A. Eleyan, L. E. Aranchuk, and J. Larour, “Spectroscopic analysis of X-pinch plasma produced on the compact LC-generator of Ecole polytechnique using artificial neural networks,” High Energy Density Phys. 12, 1–4 (2014).10.1016/j.hedp.2014.04.001 doi: 10.1016/j.hedp.2014.04.001
[17]	A. Bar-Shalom, M. Klapisch, and J. Oreg, “HULLAC, an integrated computer package for atomic processes in plasmas,” J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 71(2-6), 169–188 (2001).10.1016/s0022-4073(01)00066-8 doi: 10.1016/s0022-4073(01)00066-8
[18]	M. F. Yilmaz, “Radiative properties of L-shell Mo and K-shell Al plasmas from planar and cylindrical wire arrays imploded at 1 MA Z-pinch generator,” Ph.D. dissertation (University of Nevada, Reno, 2009).
[19]	M. F. Yilmaz, A. S. Safronova, V. L. Kantsyrev, A. A. Esaulov, K. M. Williamson, G. C. Osborne, and N. D. Ouart, “Spectroscopic features of implosions of Mo single-and double-planar wire arrays produced on the 1MA Z-pinch generator,” J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 109(17), 2877–2890 (2008).10.1016/j.jqsrt.2008.07.011 doi: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2008.07.011
[20]	I. T. Jollie, Principal Component Analysis, Springer Series in Statistics (Springer, New York, 2002), p. 489.
[21]	G. H. Dunteman, Principal Components Analysis (Sage, 1989), Vol. 69.
[22]	G. A. Wade et al., “Spectropolarimetric measurements of magnetic Ap and Bp stars in all four Stokes parameters,” Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 313(4), 823–850 (2000).10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03273.x doi: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03273.x
[23]	F. Paletou, “A critical evaluation of the principal component analysis detection of polarized signatures using real stellar data,” Astron. Astrophys. 544, A4 (2012).10.1051/0004-6361/201219399 doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201219399
[24]	W. Syed, D. A. Hammer, M. Lipson, and R. B. Van Dover, “Magnetic field measurements in wire-array Z-pinches and X pinches,” AIP Conf. Proc. 808(1), 315–318 (2006).10.1063/1.2159379 doi: 10.1063/1.2159379
[25]	Z. Shen, X. Chuang, Z. Xin-Lei, Z. Ran, L. Hai-Yun, Z. Xiao-Bing, and S. Xiao-Jian, “Determining the resistance of X-pinch plasma,” Chin. Phys. B 22(4), 045205 (2013).10.1088/1674-1056/22/4/045205 doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/22/4/045205
[26]
[27]	B. Karlik, E. Ozkaya, S. Aydin, and M. Pakdemirli, “Vibration of a beam-mass system using artificial neural networks,” Comput. Struct. 69, 339–347 (1998).10.1016/s0045-7949(98)00126-6 doi: 10.1016/s0045-7949(98)00126-6
[28]	B. Karlik and S. Aydin, “An improved approach to the solution of inverse kinematics problem for robot manipulator,” Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. 13, 159–164 (2000).10.1016/s0952-1976(99)00050-0 doi: 10.1016/s0952-1976(99)00050-0
[29]	B. Karlik and A. V. Olgac, “Performance analysis of various activation functions in generalized MLP architectures of neural networks,” Int. J. Artif. Intell. Expert Syst. (IJAE) 1(4), 111–122 (2011).