In situ determination of crystal structure and chemistry of minerals at Earth's deep lower mantle conditions

Yuan Hongsheng; Zhang Li

doi:10.1016/j.mre.2017.01.002

Volume 2 Issue 3

May 2017

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Matter and Radiation at Extremes > 2017 > 2(3):

Yuan Hongsheng, Zhang Li. In situ determination of crystal structure and chemistry of minerals at Earth's deep lower mantle conditions[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2017, 2(3). doi: 10.1016/j.mre.2017.01.002

Citation:

Yuan Hongsheng, Zhang Li. In situ determination of crystal structure and chemistry of minerals at Earth's deep lower mantle conditions[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2017, 2(3). doi: 10.1016/j.mre.2017.01.002

Citation:

PDF( 3457 KB)

In situ determination of crystal structure and chemistry of minerals at Earth's deep lower mantle conditions

doi: 10.1016/j.mre.2017.01.002

Yuan Hongsheng^,,
Zhang Li

Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, 201203, PR China

More Information

Corresponding author: * Corresponding author. E-mail address: hongsheng.yuan@hpstar.ac.cn (H.S. Yuan).
Received Date: 2016-10-10
Accepted Date: 2017-01-24

Available Online: 2021-12-07

Publish Date: 2017-05-15

Abstract

Abstract

Recent advances in experimental techniques and data processing allow in situ determination of mineral crystal structure and chemistry up to Mbar pressures in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell (DAC), providing the fundamental information of the mineralogical constitution of our Earth's interior. This work highlights several recent breakthroughs in the field of high-pressure mineral crystallography, including the stability of bridgmanite, the single-crystal structure studies of post-perovskite and H-phase as well as the identification of hydrous minerals and iron oxides in the deep lower mantle. The future development of high-pressure crystallography is also discussed.
- X-ray diffraction,
- Multigrain,
- Lower mantle,
- High pressure-temperature

FullText(HTML)

References(70)

References

[1]	A.M. Dziewonski, D.L. Anderson, Preliminary reference Earth model, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 25 (4) (1981) 297–356.10.1016/0031-9201(81)90046-7
[2]	W.F. McDonough, S.S. Sun, The composition of the Earth, Chem. Geol. 120 (3–4) (1995) 223–253.10.1016/0009-2541(94)00140-4
[3]	L. Zhang, Y. Meng, P. Dera, W. Yang, W.L. Ma, et al., Single-crystal structure determination of (Mg, Fe) SiO3 postperovskite, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 110 (16) (2013) 6292–6295.10.1073/pnas.1304402110
[4]	L. Zhang, Y. Meng, W. Yang, L. Wang, W.L. Mao, et al., Disproportionation of (Mg, Fe) SiO3 perovskite in Earth's deep lower mantle, Science 344 (6186) (2014) 877–882.10.1126/science.1250274
[5]	R.D. van der Hilst, M.V. de Hoop, P. Wang, S.H. Shim, P. Ma, et al., Seismostratigraphy and thermal structure of Earth's core-mantle boundary region, Science 315 (5820) (2007) 1813–1817.10.1126/science.1137867
[6]	K. Hirose, Postperovskite phase transition and its geophysical implications, Rev. Geophys. 44 (3) (2006) RG3001.10.1029/2005rg000186
[7]	S.H. Shim, The postperovskite transition, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 36 (12) (2008) 569–599.10.1146/annurev.earth.36.031207.124309
[8]	I. Sidorin, M. Gurnis, D.V. Helmberger, Discontinuity at the base of the mantle, Science 286 (5443) (1999) 1326–1331.10.1126/science.286.5443.1326
[9]	M. Murakami, K. Hirose, K. Kawamura, N. Sata, Y. Ohishi, Post-perovskite phase transition in MgSiO3, Science 304 (5672) (2004) 855–858.10.1126/science.1095932
[10]	S.-H. Shim, T. Lay, Post-perovskite at ten, Nat. Geosci. 7 (9) (2014) 621–623.10.1038/ngeo2237
[11]	A.R. Oganov, S. Ono, Theoretical and experimental evidence for a post-perovskite phase of MgSiO3 in Earth's D' layer, Nature 430 (6998) (2004) 445–448.10.1038/nature02701
[12]	T. Tsuchiya, J. Tsuchiya, K. Umemoto, R.M. Wentzcovitch, Phase transition in MgSiO3 perovskite in the earth's lower mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 224 (3–4) (2004) 241–248.10.1016/j.epsl.2004.05.017
[13]	D.R. Hummer, Y. Fei, Synthesis and crystal chemistry of Fe3+-bearing (Mg,Fe3+)(Si,Fe3+)O3 perovskite, Am. Mineral. 97 (11–12) (2012) 1915–1921.10.2138/am.2012.4144
[14]	T.B. Ballaran, A. Kurnosov, K. Glazyrin, D.J. Frost, M. Merlini, et al., Effect of chemistry on the compressibility of silicate perovskite in the lower mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 333–334 (2012) 181–190.10.1016/j.epsl.2012.03.029
[15]	J.-F. Lin, Z. Mao, J. Yang, J. Liu, Y. Xiao, et al., High-spin Fe2+ and Fe3+ in single-crystal aluminous bridgmanite in the lower mantle, Geophys. Res. Lett. 43 (13) (2016) 6952.10.1002/2016gl069836
[16]	M. Dorfman Susannah, J. Badro, P. Rueff, P. Chow, Y. Xiao, et al., Composition dependence of spin transition in (Mg,Fe)SiO3 bridgmanite, Am. Mineral. 100 (2015) 2246.10.2138/am-2015-5190
[17]	T. Okuchi, N. Purevjav, N. Tomioka, J.-F. Lin, T. Kuribayashi, et al., Synthesis of large and homogeneous single crystals of water-bearing minerals by slow cooling at deep-mantle pressures, Am. Mineral. 100 (2015) 1483.10.2138/am-2015-5237
[18]	L. Ismailova, E. Bykova, M. Bykov, V. Cerantola, C. McCammon, et al., Stability of Fe, Al-bearing bridgmanite in the lower mantle and synthesis of pure Fe-bridgmanite, Sci. Adv. 2 (7) (2016) e1600427.10.1126/sciadv.1600427
[19]	W.L. Mao, H.k. Mao, V.B. Prakapenka, J. Shu, R.J. Hemley, The effect of pressure on the structure and volume of ferromagnesian post-perovskite, Geophys. Res. Lett. 33 (12) (2006).10.1029/2006gl025770
[20]	S.R. Shieh, T.S. Duffy, A. Kubo, G. Shen, V.B. Prakapenka, et al., Equation of state of the postperovskite phase synthesized from a natural (Mg,Fe)SiO3 orthopyroxene, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103 (9) (2006) 3039–3043.10.1073/pnas.0506811103
[21]	S.-H. Shim, K. Catalli, J. Hustoft, A. Kubo, V.B. Prakapenka, et al., Crystal structure and thermoelastic properties of (Mg0.91Fe0.09)SiO3 postperovskite up to 135 GPa and 2,700 K, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 105 (21) (2008) 7382–7386.10.1073/pnas.0711174105
[22]	T. Lay, E.J. Garnero, Reconciling the post-perovskite phase with seismological observations of lowermost mantle structure, in: Post-Perovskite: The Last Mantle Phase Transition, American Geophysical Union, 2013, pp. 129–153.
[23]	T. Lay, Sharpness of the D” discontinuity beneath the Cocos Plate: implications for the perovskite to post-perovskite phase transition, Geophys. Res. Lett. 35 (3) (2008) L03304.10.1029/2007gl032465
[24]	M.E. Wysession, T. Lay, J. Revenaugh, Q. Williams, E.J. Garnero, et al., The D” discontinuity and its implications, in: The Core-Mantle Boundary Region, American Geophysical Union, 2013, pp. 273–297.
[25]	K. Catalli, S.-H. Shim, V. Prakapenka, Thickness and Clapeyron slope of the post-perovskite boundary, Nature 462 (7274) (2009) 782–785.10.1038/nature08598
[26]	W.L. Mao, Y. Meng, G. Shen, V.B. Prakapenka, A.J. Campbell, et al., Iron-rich silicates in the Earth's D” layer, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 102 (28) (2005) 9751–9753.10.1073/pnas.0503737102
[27]	W.L. Mao, H.-K. Mao, W. Sturhahn, J. Zhao, V.B. Prakapenka, et al., Iron-rich post-perovskite and the origin of ultralow-velocity zones, Science 312 (5773) (2006) 564–565.10.1126/science.1123442
[28]	T. Yamanaka, K. Hirose, W.L. Mao, Y. Meng, P. Ganesh, et al., Crystal structures of (Mg1-x, Fex) SiO3 postperovskite at high pressures, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109 (4) (2012) 1035–1040.10.1073/pnas.1118076108
[29]	H.O. Sørensen, S. Schmidt, J.P. Wright, G. Vaughan, S. Techert, et al., Multigrain crystallography, Z. Kristallogr. - Cryst. Mater. 227 (1) (2012) 63–78.10.1524/zkri.2012.1438
[30]	Y. Fei, A. Ricolleau, M. Frank, K. Mibe, G. Shen, et al., Toward an internally consistent pressure scale, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 104 (22) (2007) 9182–9186.10.1073/pnas.0609013104
[31]	A. Dewaele, P. Loubeyre, M. Mezouar, Equations of state of six metals above 94 GPa, Phys. Rev. B 70 (9) (2004) 094112.10.1103/physrevb.70.094112
[32]	S. Schmidt, GrainSpotter: a fast and robust polycrystalline indexing algorithm, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 47 (1) (2014) 276–284.10.1107/s1600576713030185
[33]	P. Dera, GSE-ADA Data Analysis Program for Monochromatic Single Crystal Diffraction with Area Detector, GeoSoilEnviroCARS, Argonne, Illinois, 2007.
[34]	G.M. Sheldrick, A short history of SHELX, Acta Crystallogr., Sect. A: Found. Crystallogr. 64 (1) (2008) 112–122.10.1107/s0108767307043930
[35]	Y. Fei, H.K. Mao, B.O. Mysen, Experimental determination of element partitioning and calculation of phase relations in the MgO-FeO-SiO2 system at high pressure and high temperature, J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 96 (B2) (1991) 2157–2169.10.1029/90jb02164
[36]	J. Li, V.V. Struzhkin, H.-K. Mao, J. Shu, R.J. Hemley, et al., Electronic spin state of iron in lower mantle perovskite, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 101 (39) (2004) 14027–14030.10.1073/pnas.0405804101
[37]	M. Jackson Jennifer, W. Sturhahn, G. Shen, J. Zhao, Y. Hu Michael, et al., A synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy study of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 perovskite up to 120 GPa, Am. Mineral. 90 (2005) 199.10.2138/am.2005.1633
[38]	T. Irifune, M. Isshiki, S. Sakamoto, Transmission electron microscope observation of the high-pressure form of magnesite retrieved from laser heated diamond anvil cell, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 239 (1–2) (2005) 98–105.10.1016/j.epsl.2005.05.043
[39]	A.-L. Auzende, J. Badro, F.J. Ryerson, P.K. Weber, S.J. Fallon, et al., Element partitioning between magnesium silicate perovskite and ferropericlase: new insights into bulk lower-mantle geochemistry, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 269 (1–2) (2008) 164–174.10.1016/j.epsl.2008.02.001
[40]	M. Miyahara, T. Sakai, E. Ohtani, Y. Kobayashi, S. Kamada, et al., Application of FIB system to ultra-high-pressure Earth science, J. Mineral. Petrol. Sci. 103 (2) (2008) 88–93.10.2465/jmps.070612b
[41]	A. Ricolleau, G. Fiquet, A. Addad, N. Menguy, C. Vanni, et al., Analytical transmission electron microscopy study of a natural MORB sample assemblage transformed at high pressure and high temperature, Am. Mineral. 93 (2008) 144.10.2138/am.2008.2532
[42]	E. Ohtani, Hydrous minerals and the storage of water in the deep mantle, Chem. Geol. 418 (2015) 6–15.10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.05.005
[43]	D. Pearson, F. Brenker, F. Nestola, J. McNeill, L. Nasdala, et al., Hydrous mantle transition zone indicated by ringwoodite included within diamond, Nature 507 (7491) (2014) 221–224.10.1038/nature13080
[44]	R. Van der Hilst, S. Widiyantoro, E. Engdahl, Evidence for deep mantle circulation from global tomography, Nature 386 (1997) 578–584.10.1038/386578a0
[45]	A. Ringwood, A. Major, High-pressure reconnaissance investigations in the system Mg2SiO4-MgO-H2O, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2 (2) (1967) 130–133.10.1016/0012-821x(67)90114-8
[46]	L.-g. Liu, Effects of H2O on the phase behaviour of the forsterite-enstatite system at high pressures and temperatures and implications for the Earth, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 49 (1–2) (1987) 142–167.10.1016/0031-9201(87)90138-5
[47]	M. Nishi, T. Irifune, J. Tsuchiya, Y. Tange, Y. Nishihara, et al., Stability of hydrous silicate at high pressures and water transport to the deep lower mantle, Nat. Geosci. 7 (3) (2014) 224–227.10.1038/ngeo2074
[48]	E. Ohtani, Y. Amaike, S. Kamada, T. Sakamaki, N. Hirao, Stability of hydrous phase H MgSiO4H2 under lower mantle conditions, Geophys. Res. Lett. 41 (23) (2014) 8283–8287.10.1002/2014gl061690
[49]	I. Ohira, E. Ohtani, T. Sakai, M. Miyahara, N. Hirao, et al., Stability of a hydrous δ-phase, AlOOH–MgSiO2(OH)2, and a mechanism for water transport into the base of lower mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 401 (2014) 12–17.10.1016/j.epsl.2014.05.059
[50]	M.G. Pamato, R. Myhill, T.B. Ballaran, D.J. Frost, F. Heidelbach, et al., Lower-mantle water reservoir implied by the extreme stability of a hydrous aluminosilicate, Nat. Geosci. 8 (1) (2015) 75–79.10.1038/ngeo2306
[51]	J. Tsuchiya, First principles prediction of a new high-pressure phase of dense hydrous magnesium silicates in the lower mantle, Geophys. Res. Lett. 40 (17) (2013) 4570–4573.10.1002/grl.50875
[52]	K. Komatsu, A. Sano-Furukawa, H. Kagi, Effects of Mg and Si ions on the symmetry of δ-AlOOH, Phys. Chem. Miner. 38 (9) (2011) 727–733.10.1007/s00269-011-0445-0
[53]	T. Kuribayashi, A. Sano-Furukawa, T. Nagase, Observation of pressure-induced phase transition of δ-AlOOH by using single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction method, Phys. Chem. Miner. 41 (4) (2014) 303–312.10.1007/s00269-013-0649-6
[54]	J. Tsuchiya, T. Tsuchiya, S. Tsuneyuki, T. Yamanaka, First principles calculation of a high-pressure hydrous phase, δ-AlOOH, Geophys. Res. Lett. 29 (19) (2002) 15-1.10.1029/2002gl015417
[55]	W.R. Panero, L.P. Stixrude, Hydrogen incorporation in stishovite at high pressure and symmetric hydrogen bonding in δ-AlOOH, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 221 (1–4) (2004) 421–431.10.1016/s0012-821x(04)00100-1
[56]	S. Li, R. Ahuja, B. Johansson, The elastic and optical properties of the high-pressure hydrous phase δ-AlOOH, Solid State Commun. 137 (1–2) (2006) 101–106.10.1016/j.ssc.2005.08.031
[57]	X. Xue, M. Kanzaki, H. Fukui, E. Ito, T. Hashimoto, Cation order and hydrogen bonding of high-pressure phases in the Al2O3-SiO2-H2O system: An NMR and Raman study, Am. Mineral. 91 (2006) 850.10.2138/am.2006.2064
[58]	E. Ohtani, K. Litasov, A. Suzuki, T. Kondo, Stability field of new hydrous phase, δ-AlOOH, with implications for water transport into the deep mantle, Geophys. Res. Lett. 28 (20) (2001) 3991–3993.10.1029/2001gl013397
[59]	E. Ohtani, K. Litasov, T. Hosoya, T. Kubo, T. Kondo, Water transport into the deep mantle and formation of a hydrous transition zone, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 143 (2004) 255–269.10.1016/s0031-9201(04)00060-3
[60]	C. McCammon, The paradox of mantle redox, Science 308 (5723) (2005) 807–808.10.1126/science.1110532
[61]	C. McCammon, Perovskite as a possible sink for ferric iron in the lower mantle, Nature 387 (6634) (1997) 694–696.10.1038/42685
[62]	C. McCammon, M. Hutchison, J. Harris, Ferric iron content of mineral inclusions in diamonds from Sao Luiz: a view into the lower mantle, Science 278 (5337) (1997) 434–436.10.1126/science.278.5337.434
[63]	D.J. Frost, C. Liebske, F. Langenhorst, C.A. McCammon, R.G. Tronnes, et al., Experimental evidence for the existence of iron-rich metal in the Earth's lower mantle, Nature 428 (6981) (2004) 409–412.10.1038/nature02413
[64]	L. Dubrovinsky, T. Boffa-Ballaran, K. Glazyrin, A. Kurnosov, D. Frost, et al., Single-crystal X-ray diffraction at megabar pressures and temperatures of thousands of degrees, High Pressure Res. 30 (4) (2010) 620–633.10.1080/08957959.2010.534092
[65]	B. Lavina, P. Dera, E. Kim, Y. Meng, R.T. Downs, et al., Discovery of the recoverable high-pressure iron oxide Fe4O5, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 108 (42) (2011) 17281–17285.10.1073/pnas.1107573108
[66]	B. Lavina, Y. Meng, Synthesis of Fe5O6, Sci. Adv. 1 (5) (2015) e1400260.10.1126/sciadv.1400260
[67]	M. Merlini, M. Hanfland, A. Salamat, S. Petitgirard, H. Müller, The crystal structures of Mg2Fe2C4O13, with tetrahedrally coordinated carbon, and Fe13O19, synthesized at deep mantle conditions, Am. Mineral. 100 (8–9) (2015) 2001–2004.10.2138/am-2015-5369
[68]	Q. Hu, D.Y. Kim, W. Yang, L. Yang, Y. Meng, et al., FeO2 and FeOOH under deep lower-mantle conditions and Earth's oxygen–hydrogen cycles, Nature 534 (7606) (2016) 241–244.10.1038/nature18018
[69]	L. Zhang, Y. Meng, H.-K. Mao, Unit cell determination of coexisting post-perovskite and H-phase in (Mg,Fe)SiO3 using multigrain XRD: compositional variation across a laser heating spot at 119 GPa, Prog. Earth Planet. Sci. 3 (1) (2016) 1–6.10.1186/s40645-016-0091-8
[70]	S. Ono, T. Kikegawa, Y. Ohishi, Equation of state of CaIrO3-type MgSiO3 up to 144 GPa, Am. Mineral. 91 (2006) 475.10.2138/am.2006.2118